Tuesday, April 12, 2016

Sintra, Cascais, Fatima, Nazare, & Obidos


Sintra and Cascais Tour

Today we embarked on the first of two tours we booked with Viator.  Both of these tours are small group tours run by Inside Lisbon.  After breakfast we took a taxi to the Hard Rock Café in the historic section of Lisbon – our meeting point for this tour.  We were grouped with three other couples (one from New Jersey, one from Italy, and the third from Austria).  All spoke very good English as did our guide Jorge.  It was a cloudy day and we were all praying for good weather as we departed Lisbon in our van.  Our first stop was Sintra, a city located on the central western Portuguese coast, just a short drive from Lisbon.  Nestled in the rolling hills and peaks of the Sentra mountain range at the northern-most edge of the Sintra-Cascais Natural Park, Sintra is a mix of natural and man-made beauty: fantasy castles set amid tropical gardens, lush green valleys, and craggy hilltops with views of the Atlantic and Lisbon (on a clear day).  It was the summer escape of many of the Portuguese kings and queens.  In its earliest history, Celts worshipped their moon god here, the Moors built a precipitous castle, and 18th-century Portuguese royals walked around its dreamy gardens.  Hans Christian Anderson found inspiration here, describing Sintra as the "most beautiful place in Portugal" and Lord Byron during his time here christened it his "glorious Eden". However, perhaps the most distinguished homage is paid by Portugal's national poet, Luís de Camões, in his epic poem Os Lusíadas.

Our first stop was at the Pena Palace, perhaps one of the most iconic and best-known images of this country.  Known as the Versailles of Portugal, it is one of the world’s best examples of Romantic architecture from the 19th century and one of the official Seven Wonders of Portugal.  Perched high on a hilltop above Sintra and it can be seen from as far away as Lisbon.  It was built in the 19th century by Prince Ferdinand, a cousin of both “Mad” King Ludwig and Prince Albert (Queen Victoria’s husband).  Constructed some thirty years before the Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria, it is not only the best but was also the first of its kind.  Prince Ferdinand hired a German architect to build a fantasy palace mixing elements of German and Portuguese style – he ended up with an eclectic mixture of Gothic towers, Renaissance domes, Moorish minarets, Manueline carvings, Disney playfulness, and a tile toilet for his wife.

The Palace dates back to the Middle Ages when it took the form of a chapel perched high on the hill overlooking Sintra.  It was adopted as something of a pilgrimage site destination and sanctuary by Portuguese rulers in the fifteenth century, first by King John II and later by King Manuel I, who had a monastery constructed on the site, though it was destroyed in the devastating earthquake of 1755.

Following the 1910 Republican Revolution, the Palace was opened to the public as a national museum and not surprisingly, quickly became one of the country’s most visited monuments. It is the beguiling combination of its history, architectural heritage, the sand and pastel colors of the exterior and its majestic position, emerging from the lush greenery and towering over the town and hills of Sintra, that make the palace such as must-see destination.  The gardens that were created are exquisite, with beautiful flowers, ponds and streams, many different trees from palm trees to majestic western red cedar trees, and an abundance of large rocks that over the years had been covered with moss.

We drove up to the first entrance, about a mile below the palace, and began our walk up through the gardens to the palace.  In spite of the dreary weather, the walk was wonderful.  We came to a pond full of koi ad two beautiful black swans.  We admired the western red cedar trees with their unusual shapes with branches that looked more like benches than tree limbs.  We had almost reached the top when Jorge said we only had one more steep climb ahead of us, but that the effort would be well worth it in the end.  We huffed and puffed ourselves up about 30 steep, uneven stone steps, and when we reached the top, there were benches made of stone and one (the Queen’s Throne made of wood) where we had a fantastic view of the palace (in spite of the mist and fog that shrouded the top of the mountain).  It was easy to see where this was the favorite spot of one of the queens who would walk there every morning to take in the view.

When we finally reached the top, it had begun to rain.  We viewed the inside rooms (small but elegantly appointed), but we were unable to view the ruins of the Moorish castle below as the fog was too thick.  We left the Palace and headed down the mountain to the center of Sintra.  In the 2 hours that we were at the Palace, the crowds had descended upon Sintra and traffic was bumper-to-bumper.  Rather than stop in Sintra for lunch we elected to go to a small restaurant located very near Cabo da Roca, our next stop on the tour.  The restaurant  specialized in seafood and I had a pasta with shrimp (it was really loaded with shrimp) and Bill had a codfish dish that had the codfish mixed with cornbread and spinach.  Both dishes were very good.

We next drove to Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point of land in Europe.  Although the rain had stopped, the wind was really blowing.  This point is known as “where the land ends and the sea begins.”  We stayed long enough to take some pictures of the beautiful coast and then headed back to the warmth of the van.

Our last stop was Cascais, a coastal town that used to be a small fishing town and the summer resort for the royalty in the 17th and 18th centuries and today is a popular beach-side resort for the Portuguese people.  During his reign (1816-1885), King Fernando II proclaimed Cascais as his preferred destination for his summer retreat.  This led others in the royalty and high society to travel to Cascais each summer.  We had about an hour (too long in our estimation) to walk around the town.  It is not much different than the resort cities along the New Jersey coast.  But we did find a good gelato shop and had a dish while we walked in the sun along the beach.  What a difference 15-20 miles made – while Sintra and Cabo da Roca where overcast, cold and misty, Cascais was sunny and warm.

We returned to Lisbon around 5 PM and as we had had a late lunch, we again gave up on any dinner plans and went to the Executive Lounge for their Happy Hour.  Tomorrow will be another long day as we have our second tour.

Fatima, Nazare, and Obidos

Again we had an early wake-up (7AM – note to travel planner [Me!] – we are supposed to be on vacation).  Again we met at the Hard Rock Café.  This time our guide’s name was Jime (rhymes with dime or time) and there was a 5-person family from Singapore.

On the hour+ drive to Fatima, our guide explained about the cork industry – the third ranking industry in Portugal.  The trees are planted as small saplings and after 6 years of growth they are designated as natural resources and cannot be destroyed.  It takes 25 years until the trees are ready to have their cork harvested.  When the cork is harvested, only one or two small circles are cut around the tree.  The harvest takes place in the summer when it is very hot and the tree wants to shed its bark.  The cutters have to be very careful that they do not cut through the inner layer of the bark and kill the tree.  After the bark is harvested, it takes 9 more years until the tree can be harvested again.  Not a big return on your money – 42 years and you only get 2 harvests of a small amount of cork!  Oh the things you learn that are not in a text book.

Our first stop was at Fatima, side of the visit (apparition) of the Virgin Mary to three children shepherds that watched over flocks in the Fatima area.  The Basilica of Our Lady of Fatima was built on the spot where the three children saw the Virgin Mary and is one of the most famous Marian shrines in the world.  Built in 1935-1938, it features Mary of the Rosary, flanked by mosaics of the 4 Stations of the Cross in the porticoes.  An outdoor service is held every 13th day of the month, the date when the Virgin Mary appeared to the three children.  Above the altar is a request (in Latin) to the Virgin Mary:  Queen of the Holy Rosary of Fatima, pray for us.”  The tombs of the three children reside in the basilica – the two girls to the left of the altar and the boy to the right.  Over four million people visit Fatima each year.

As the story goes, the three children – Lucia, 10 years of age and her two younger cousins Jacinto and Francisco, where tending to their flocks when there appeared a vision of a luminous lady, believed to the be the Virgin Mary  On 13 the Virgin Mary appeared at an oak tree in the fields where they were.  She kept appearing to the children on the 13th of the month from May to October 1917.  The only exception was in August, when the children had been kidnapped and questioned by the local administrator.  The last visit (13 October) was proclaimed a miracle as “the day the sun danced”  There were over 70,000 people at the sight who recounted that the sun appeared to actually “dance” in the sky and seemed fall to the ground before resuming its normal pace in the heavens.

When the Virgin Mary appeared before the children, she said that she had been sent by God with a message for every man, woman, and child living in Portugal.  These apparitions appeared during WWI, and she promised the children that Heaven would grant peace to all the world if her requests for prayer, reparation and consecration where heard and obeyed.  According to Lucia (the oldest of the children who would later write a book about these apparitions), the lady seemed as “brighter than the sun, shedding rays of light clearer and stronger than a crystal glass with the most sparkling water and pierced by the burning rays of the sun.”  She asked them to say the Rosary daily, reiterating many times that the Rosary was the key to personal and world peace.  She further explained that war was a punishment for sin and warned that God would further castigate the world for its disobedience to His Will by means of war, hunger and the persecution of the Church, the Holy Father and the Catholic Faithful.  She specifically called out Russia who (according her) would become God’s chosen “instrument of chastisement.” 

The three secrets (as written by Lucia and then forwarded through religious to the Pope) were:

·         Peace is coming.  The first part of this vision was a horrifying picture of hell “where the souls of poor sinners go” and contained an urgent plea for acts of prayer and sacrifice to save souls.

·         Russia will reject God and communism will rise, bringing a second great war.  This prophesied the coming of WWII and said that one of the conditions of world peace was the Consecration of Russia.

·         Someone will try to kill the pope.  According to Lucia’s letter outlining these three secrets, the Pope would be killed by soldiers at the foot of a cross on top of a mountain.  The Church’s interpretation of this this secret is that it predicted the May 13, 1981 assassination attempt on Pope John Paul II by the Turkish gunman Mehmet Ali Agca in Saint Peter’s Square.  Pope John Paul credited Our Lady of Fatima wih saving his life, saying he saw her intervene to deflect the gunman’s arm.  This third secret was kept secret by the Vatican until Easter 2000, when Pope John Paul publically revealed this third secret during a visit to Fatima, beatifying the two children who had died about 2-3 years of seeing the apparitions from a flu epidemic that struck the country.

 

Lucia, who became a nun as an adult, was subsequently beatified after she died on 13 February 2005.  Over the years Lucia wrote two books, Memoirs, recounting the events of Fatima in her own words, and Calls from the Message of Fatima, giving answers to the many questions about living the message of Fátima.

In the second apparition, that of June 13, Lucia asked the Lady, "Will you take us to heaven?"  The Virgin responded,

“Yes, I shall take Jacinta and Francisco soon, but you will remain a little longer, since Jesus wishes you to make me known and loved on earth. He wishes also for you to establish devotion in the world to my Immaculate Heart.”

Leaving Fatima we made a short stop at the Batalha Monastery.  Founded in thanksgiving for a major military victory in 1385, Batalha Monastery is a magnificent example of medieval Portuguese architecture.  In 1385, King João I vowed that if his outnumbered army defeated the Castilians at the important Battle of Aljubarrota, he would build a magnificent monastery dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The king was victorious, resulting in the independence of Portugal from Spain and the great Batalha Monastery.

King João I gave the monastery to the Dominicans.  It took over a century to build, starting in 1386 and ending circa 1517, spanning the reign of seven kings.  It was built in the Gothic and Manueline styles.  The first two kings (King Joao I and his son King Joao II) and their wives are buried within the Monastery.  Along with all other monasteries in Portugal, Batalha was dissolved in 1834.

This was one of the most beautiful monasteries that we have seen.  The artwork and sculpture are exquisite.  One section was never completed – the Imperfect Chapels.  Only the walls were constructed – the roof was never completed. 

From Batalha we drove to Nazare, a small fishing town and home to some of the biggest waves in the world.  In January 2013, Hawaiian surfer Garrett McNamara set a world record for the largest wave surfed – over 100 feet.  These waves appear on Nazare’s North Beach.  These waves are peculiar to this part of the European coast.  In the winter, there are big storms in the North Atlantic that push swells toward Europe.  But it is Nazare’s rare undersea geography – a deep canyon that points like an arrow toward the town that creates the ideal conditions for these monster wave.  Normally, as the open-ocean swells approach the coastline, they get slowed down by the ocean bottom as it gets shallower.  But at Nazare, the ocean swells get focused in this submarine canyon and have much more energy.  At its deepest, the Nazare Canyon is16,000 feet deep.  So first you’ve got really deep water, and then as it approaches the shore it gets very shallow, ad that enables the waves to climb really, really big all of a sudden.  We stopped at a high point overlooking North Beach to watch the waves break out away from the shore.  They were only about 30 feet today, but they still looked like monsters.

South Beach, by contrast, is much more calm and is a popular resort in the summer.  However, as we walked along the boardwalk at South Beach, the waves looked anything but gentle.  They were breaking close to shore with heights of 10-15 feet.  We ate lunch at a lovely restaurant along the beach.  We ordered the shellfish rice bowl – it is designed to feed 2 people, but it could have easily fed 4.  The seafood was very, very good.

Our last stop of the day was at Obidos, a very well-preserved walled city.  Founded by the Celts in 300 BC, it has been ruled by Romans, Visigoths, and Moors.  In 1282, King Dinis brought his bride Isabel to the city and she fell in love with it.  The king then gave it to her as a wedding present, and this tradition was continued by later kings.  There was a large chocolate festival taking place when we arrived, but we were unable to go to the festival.  Our guide took us to a shop owned by a woman who made and painted her own tiles (they are very prominent in Portuguese architecture) and made her own ging ja – a cherry liquor.  You stuff sour cherries in a large bottle and then add brown sugar, filling all the air spaces around the cherries.  You can also add some cinnamon and cherry bandy.  You then seal the bottle and wait about 2 years for the cherries to ferment and make the cherry liquor.  It was very, very tasty, especially since it was served in a small chocolate cup.  After walking around the town for a little while – with its narrow streets and many shops (it reminded us of San Gimignano), we departed for the hour+ ride home. 

Again we had had a very late (and very filling) lunch, so dinner was the wine and snacks at the Executive Lounge.

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